| Electromagnetic radiation, frequency and wavelength; nature of electromagnetic radiation, polarization, atmospheric windows and absorption bands; interaction with surface features, spectral reflectance, identification of surface elements based on spectral reflectance, spectral reflectance of vegetation. Types of sensors: multi-spectral, hyper-spectral, thermal IR and synthetic aperture radars; sensor design and selection; Image processing, digital image processing, radiometric and geometric corrections, atmospheric corrections, pixel resampling methods. Remote sensing of vegetation: leaf area index, soil line and vegetation, plant water and atmospheric water absorption bands. Applications in studying soil properties, rock and mineral identification, geomorphology, volcanology, fluvial processes, coastal processes and desertification. |